Full Structural Survey Sample: Comprehensive Guide & Example

Understanding what a full structural survey contains before purchasing property can save you thousands in unexpected repair costs. This comprehensive guide breaks down exactly what’s included in a professional structural survey, provides a detailed sample report, and explains how to interpret the findings. Whether you’re a first-time buyer or seasoned property investor, this resource will help you make informed decisions about your property purchase.

What Is a Full Structural Survey?

A professional surveyor conducting a comprehensive structural assessment

A full structural survey (also known as a Building Survey or RICS Level 3 Survey) is the most comprehensive property assessment available. It provides an in-depth analysis of a property’s condition, highlighting defects, potential problems, and necessary repairs. Unlike basic mortgage valuations or homebuyer reports, a full structural survey examines all accessible elements of the property in detail.

These surveys are particularly recommended for properties that are:

• Over 70-80 years old
• Of unusual construction or materials
• In visibly poor condition
• Extensively renovated or altered
• Properties you plan to renovate or modify

A properly conducted full structural survey gives you complete peace of mind or, if issues are found, the information needed to negotiate the purchase price or budget for necessary repairs.

Key Components of a Full Structural Survey

A comprehensive structural survey examines numerous elements of a property. Understanding these components helps you interpret the sample report more effectively.

External Structure

• Roof structure and covering
• Chimney stacks and flashings
• External walls and rendering
• Windows and doors
• Drainage systems

Internal Elements

• Ceilings and internal walls
• Floors and staircases
• Dampness assessment
• Timber condition (rot/infestation)
• Internal doors and woodwork

Foundations & Services

• Foundation condition
• Evidence of subsidence
• Electrical systems overview
• Plumbing and heating systems
• Insulation and ventilation

Each of these areas receives detailed attention in a full structural survey, with the surveyor providing specific observations, risk assessments, and recommendations for remedial work where necessary.

Full Structural Survey Sample Report Structure

Below is a sample structure of what you can expect in a comprehensive structural survey report. This example illustrates the typical format, content, and assessment methodology used by professional surveyors.

Sample Report: Victorian Terraced House, London

1. Property Information

Address: 24 Sample Street, London, SW1 2AB
Property Type: Mid-terraced Victorian house
Approximate Age: Circa 1890
Construction: Traditional brick with slate roof
Survey Date: 15 June 2023

2. Foundation Assessment

Condition: Stable

The foundations appear to be in satisfactory condition with no significant evidence of recent movement. Some minor settlement cracks were observed in the front elevation brickwork, consistent with the age of the property. These do not appear to be progressive and are considered to be historic.

Recommendations: Monitor existing cracks. No immediate action required.

3. Roof Structure Analysis

Materials: Traditional timber frame with slate covering

Condition: Moderate Issues

The roof structure is generally sound but several slipped slates were noted on the rear elevation. The timber rafters show some signs of historic woodworm activity, now dormant. The roof space is adequately ventilated, though additional insulation would improve thermal efficiency.

Recommendations: Replace slipped slates within 3-6 months to prevent water ingress. Consider additional insulation.

4. External Walls Assessment

Construction: Solid brick walls, approximately 225mm thick

Condition: Generally Good

The brickwork is in reasonable condition for its age with some areas of weathered pointing, particularly on the southern elevation. No significant structural defects were observed. The render to the rear elevation is sound with minor cracking that should be monitored.

Recommendations: Repointing required to southern elevation within 12 months.

5. Damp Assessment

Findings: Issues Requiring Attention

Elevated moisture readings were recorded at the base of the ground floor walls in the front reception room and kitchen. This appears to be rising damp due to a defective or absent damp proof course. Some penetrating damp was also noted around the kitchen window frame.

Recommendations: Installation of chemical damp proof course recommended. Replace deteriorated window frame seals.

Download Complete Sample Report

This sample provides just a small section of what would typically be a 20-25 page comprehensive report. A full structural survey sample would continue with detailed assessments of all property elements, including internal features, services, and outbuildings.

Understanding the Traffic Light Rating System

Most professional structural surveys use a traffic light system to clearly indicate the severity of issues found during the inspection. Understanding this system helps you quickly identify areas of concern in your survey report:

Green (Level 1)

No action required

Elements in good condition that don’t require repair or further investigation. These items are functioning as intended and show normal wear for their age.

Amber (Level 2)

Defects requiring attention but not urgently

Issues that should be addressed but don’t pose immediate risk. These typically need repair or maintenance within 6-12 months to prevent deterioration.

Red (Level 3)

Serious defects requiring urgent attention

Significant problems that require immediate action. These issues may affect the structural integrity, safety, or habitability of the property.

This color-coded system makes it easy to prioritize repairs and understand the overall condition of the property at a glance. When reviewing a full structural survey sample, pay particular attention to any red (Level 3) items as these will likely require immediate budget allocation if you proceed with the purchase.

Understanding the findings in your structural survey report is crucial for making informed decisions about your property purchase. Here’s how to interpret common findings and their implications:

Common Findings and Their Significance

Finding	Significance	Typical Action
Dampness	Can lead to timber decay, mold, and structural damage if untreated	Identify source, install/repair damp proof course, improve ventilation
Subsidence	Serious structural issue affecting foundations and stability	Specialist assessment, underpinning, monitoring, insurance notification
Roof defects	Can lead to water ingress and extensive internal damage	Replace damaged tiles/slates, repair flashing, check timber condition
Timber decay	Affects structural integrity of joists, rafters, and frames	Treat active infestations, replace affected timber, address moisture source
Electrical issues	Safety hazard and potential fire risk	Full electrical inspection (EICR), rewiring if necessary

Using Survey Results in Negotiations

One of the most valuable aspects of a full structural survey is its use in property price negotiations. Here’s how to leverage the findings effectively:

1. Prioritise issues by severity – Focus on red/Level 3 items first as these represent the most serious defects.
2. Obtain repair quotes – Get professional estimates for necessary repairs to support your negotiation position.
3. Calculate total remediation costs – Add up all repair costs to determine a reasonable price reduction.
4. Present findings professionally – Share relevant survey sections with the seller or agent, focusing on facts rather than emotions.
5. Be prepared to compromise – Remember that some issues are expected in older properties and may already be reflected in the asking price.

Expert Tip: Many buyers have successfully negotiated 5-15% reductions based on full structural survey findings. The more detailed your survey, the stronger your negotiating position.

When to Seek Further Expert Advice

While a full structural survey provides comprehensive information, certain situations warrant additional specialist assessment:

A specialist structural engineer may be required for detailed assessment of significant issues

Remember that surveyors will often recommend further investigation by specialists when they identify potentially serious issues that require more detailed examination. These recommendations should be taken seriously, as they can reveal problems that might otherwise remain hidden.

Conclusion: The Value of a Full Structural Survey

A comprehensive full structural survey represents one of the most valuable investments you can make when purchasing property. For a relatively small cost compared to the property value, you gain detailed insight into the condition of what is likely to be your largest financial investment.

The sample report structure and interpretation guidance provided in this article should help you understand what to expect from a professional survey and how to use the findings effectively. Remember that while the upfront cost may seem significant, the potential savings from negotiating the purchase price or avoiding unexpected repair costs can be substantial.